Upconversion nanoparticles possess unique optical properties, making them attractive for applications in bioimaging, sensing, and disease management. However, their potential toxicity remains a considerable concern. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the toxicity linked with upconversion nanoparticles. It investigates various a

Zinc oxide is a compound renowned for its remarkable power to shield delicate skin. This gentle ingredient has long been employed in a number of skincare products, from sunscreens to diaper rash creams, due to its exceptional protective properties. Forming a physical barrier on the skin's exterior, zinc oxide effectively blocks harmful radiation,